The Evolution Of Criminal Laws In Bharat: From Ancient Codes To Modern Justice System
- Indian Journal of Law and Legal Research
- Mar 8
- 2 min read
Swasti Singh, Jash Shah and Sneha Varma, KES’ Shri Jayantilal H. Patel Law College
ABSTRACT
The evolution of criminal laws in Bharat is a result of society’s changing nature from the ancient period to the present in modern times. Several social, political and economic factors keep on influencing the society, due to which there arises a need for continuous legal reforms to ensure justice, equity and adaptability to changing circumstances. A complex journey of transformation of laws can be seen from the earlier period of the Mughals to the British colonial era and then from independence to the contemporary modern period. However, the most significant transformation seemed to have occurred during the British colonial era, which introduced a structured and standardised legal framework in British India. The enactment of Indian Penal Code, 18601; Indian Evidence Act, 18722; and Code of Criminal Procedure, 18983, are the backbone of Bharat’s legal framework and continue to serve as the foundation in the criminal justice system of Bharat. This paper explores how the Indian criminal laws have evolved with changing times, from the early beginnings of ancient codified laws to the contemporary justice systems, showcasing a comparison between the post-independence laws with the newly implemented codes and the case laws that helped to make reforms in criminal justice system. As Bharat continues to evolve, its commitment to ensure fairness, justice and protect the rights of the individuals does not change. Looking ahead, we can truly believe that as these laws continue to progress as per the times and necessity of the society, they do not fail to uphold fairness, transparency and deliver justice to the people of the Bharat.
Keywords: Criminal Law Evolution, Legal Reforms, British Colonial Era, Indian Penal Code, Justice System.
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